Tanzania has more than 120 ethnic groups, but people share a strong culture of politeness, respect for elders and taking time to greet each other. A few customs will help you connect with the people you meet.
Greetings come first
Always greet someone before asking a question or starting business. A handshake is normal, often held a little longer than you might expect. With older people, say “shikamoo”, and they reply “marahaba”. Read useful Swahili phrases.
Dress modestly
Away from beaches, pools and safari camps, cover shoulders and knees. This matters most in Zanzibar, on the coast and in villages. Shorts and swimwear in town are seen as disrespectful.
Use your right hand
Eat, give and receive things with your right hand, or with both hands as a sign of respect. The left hand is traditionally used for hygiene.
Photographing people
Always ask before taking a photo of someone. Some people, including Maasai in popular areas, may ask for a small payment. Never photograph police, military or government buildings. Read photography rules in Tanzania.
Religion
Tanzania is roughly divided between Christians and Muslims, with a strong tradition of tolerance. Zanzibar and the coast are mostly Muslim. Remove shoes and dress modestly if invited into a mosque or home. During Ramadan, avoid eating, drinking or smoking in public in Muslim areas during daylight.
Time
Life moves at a relaxed pace. “Pole pole”, slowly slowly, applies to more than the mountain. Patience is appreciated.
Other customs
- Public displays of affection are uncommon and can cause discomfort.
- Avoid pointing with one finger at people. Use an open hand.
- Do not raise your voice in disagreements. Calm discussion goes further.
- If invited to someone’s home, a small gift such as sugar, tea or fruit is welcome.
- Avoid giving money or sweets to children in villages, as it encourages begging. Support a school or project through your operator instead.
Read about Tanzanian food and Stone Town.
Frequently asked questions
Casual clothes on safari. In towns, villages and especially Zanzibar, cover shoulders and knees.
Only with their permission. Some may ask for a small payment.
Tanzania is roughly divided between Christianity and Islam. Zanzibar and the coast are mostly Muslim.
